Interaction Checker

5-Amino-1MQ is a small molecule inhibitor that targets the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), a key regulator of metabolism and energy balance, primarily active in fat tissue. By inhibiting NNMT, 5-Amino-1MQ elevates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a critical cofactor in cellular metabolism, leading to enhanced metabolic rates and activation of the sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) gene, often referred to as the "longevity gene." This dual action has generated significant interest in its potential for weight management, metabolic health, and anti-aging applications.

Actovegin is a deproteinized hemodialysate derived from calf blood through ultrafiltration. This process removes proteins while retaining bioactive components, including amino acids, nucleotides, and oligopeptides. Actovegin enhances oxygen uptake, glucose utilization, and aerobic metabolism, promoting cellular repair and regeneration. Widely used in several countries, it has applications in neurological conditions, ischemic stroke, and wound healing.

AOD-9604 is a modified fragment (176–191) of human growth hormone (hGH), engineered to harness the fat-burning capabilities of hGH without its adverse effects. It acts as a dual-action peptide, stimulating lipolysis (fat breakdown) and inhibiting lipogenesis (fat accumulation). In some clinical studies, AOD has displayed superior inhibition of fat production and promotion of fat breakdown than growth hormone. Frag 176-191 is a derivative of AOD, but lacks the disulfide bond, making it less stable and effective.

ARA-290 is a synthetic peptide derived from erythropoietin (EPO). It selectively targets the innate repair receptor (IRR) to reduce inflammation, modulate neuropathic pain, and promote tissue repair. Unlike EPO, ARA-290 does not promote red blood cell production, making it a safer alternative for addressing inflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions. It selectively activates repair pathways, offering potential benefits for conditions like small fiber neuropathy and type 2 diabetes.

B7-33 is a synthetic peptide derived from human relaxin-2, engineered to selectively activate the relaxin receptor (RXFP1). This peptide retains the anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects of relaxin-2 while minimizing vasodilatory side effects. It works by improving blood flow, breaking down excess collagen, and promoting tissue healing, making it a potential treatment for conditions like heart or lung fibrosis and chronic inflammation. B7-33 demonstrates significant potential in treating fibrotic diseases, improving cardiac function, and promoting tissue repair and regeneration.

BPC-157 is a 15-amino acid synthetic peptide derived from a protein found in the gastric juice of humans. Known for its broad-spectrum healing properties, it promotes tissue repair, modulates angiogenesis, and supports gut-brain axis health. This peptide accelerates wound healing, reduces inflammation, and fosters cellular regeneration across multiple systems, including musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, and neurological tissues.

Cagrilintide is a synthetic, long-acting amylin analogue developed to enhance metabolic health and support weight management. It is structurally similar to natural amylin but includes key modifications, such as lipidation of the N-terminal lysine and specific amino acid substitutions (N14E, V17R, and P37Y), which improve stability and therapeutic efficacy. By activating amylin receptors and modulating hunger and energy expenditure, Cagrilintide has shown promise in obesity management and glycemic control, particularly when combined with GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide.

Cardiogen is a synthetic tetrapeptide with the amino acid sequence H-Ala-Glu-Asp-Arg-OH. It is designed as a bioregulator to promote tissue repair and regeneration, specifically targeting cardiac tissue. Cardiogen demonstrates potential in stimulating cardiac progenitor cells, inhibiting fibroblast activity, and reducing apoptosis in heart tissue. It has been studied for its roles in cardiovascular health, prostate health, and cancer research.

Cerebrolysin is a low molecular weight neuropeptide blend derived from porcine brain tissue, composed of brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors (GDNF), nerve growth factors (NGF), ciliary neurotrophic factors (CNTF), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) fragments. It mimics endogenous neurotrophic factors, promoting neuroprotection, neuronal repair, synaptic plasticity, and brain metabolism. It functions primarily to stimulate protein synthesis and neuron growth. Its ability to reduce beta-amyloid plaques and tau protein accumulation has made it a promising treatment for neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and stroke. Cerebrolysin is able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The official website for Cerebrolysin recommends storing the peptide in a dry place at room temperature, away from direct sunlight.

CJC-1295 is a synthetic analogue of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) designed to increase growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in the body. This peptide mimics the action of natural GHRH but has been modified for increased stability and resistance to enzymatic degradation. CJC-1295 is available in two forms: with DAC (Drug Affinity Complex) for extended action and without DAC for a more pulsatile release of GH. When combined with Ipamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing peptide (GHRP), the synergistic effects amplify GH release, improving muscle mass, fat loss, recovery, sleep quality, and overall performance. This combination is often used in anti-aging, performance enhancement, and therapeutic protocols.

Cortexin is a neurotrophic peptide extracted from animal cerebral cortex tissue, composed of low molecular weight polypeptides, amino acids, vitamins, and trace elements. It acts as a nootropic, neuroprotective, antioxidant, and tissue-specific agent. Cortexin is used to treat various neurological disorders, improve cognitive functions, and enhance the brain's resilience to stress. Its mechanisms promote neuroprotection, improve learning and memory, and support brain metabolism.

Dihexa is a synthetic oligopeptide derivative of angiotensin IV, known for its potential cognitive-enhancing and neuroprotective properties. It works in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which is important for learning. It is highly blood-brain barrier permeable and binds with high affinity to hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), amplifying its neurotrophic and regenerative effects. Dihexa has been extensively studied for its ability to improve cognitive function, facilitate synaptogenesis, and promote neural repair, especially in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

DSIP (Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide) is a synthetic nonapeptide discovered in 1977 for its ability to induce delta wave sleep. It is naturally found in the hypothalamus and plays a crucial role in regulating sleep, reducing pain, and managing withdrawal symptoms from substances such as alcohol and opiates. DSIP influences the central nervous system by modulating the sleep-wake cycle, pain perception, and endocrine functions.

Epitalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide derived from epithalamin, a natural peptide isolated from the pineal gland. It is composed of four amino acids: alanine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and glycine. Epitalon has gained attention for its potential anti-aging properties, primarily through its role in upregulating telomerase activity, elongating telomeres, and stabilizing cellular DNA. Additionally, it offers benefits such as antioxidant protection, sleep regulation, and tumor suppression. Epitalon's antioxidant, neuroprotective, and immune-modulating effects have made it a focal point in longevity research and age-related disease prevention.

FGL(L) is a synthetic peptide designed to mimic the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) by acting as an agonist for the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), specifically FGFR1. This peptide promotes neuronal growth, survival, and synaptic plasticity by activating FGFR-mediated signaling pathways. FGL increases AMPA receptor availability, resulting in improved synaptic transmission. It also activates the Protein Kinase C (PKC) pathway. FGL(L) supports brain function through enhanced neurogenesis, memory formation, and neuroprotection. It has shown promise in reducing oxidative stress, mitigating neuronal degeneration, and improving cognitive performance.

Follistatin is a naturally occurring glycoprotein encoded by the FST gene, playing a key role in muscle growth, tissue repair, and metabolic regulation. It primarily acts by binding and inhibiting activin and myostatin, two members of the TGF-β superfamily involved in muscle regulation and inflammation. Follistatin is most abundant in blood plasma as the FS315 isoform and is essential in various physiological processes, including reproductive health, cancer modulation, and tissue repair.

FOXO4-DRI is a synthetic, cell-penetrating peptide engineered to target and eliminate senescent cells by disrupting the FOXO4-p53 protein interaction. This action induces apoptosis specifically in aged or damaged cells while sparing healthy ones. The peptide holds promise in anti-aging therapies, tissue rejuvenation, and potentially mitigating age-related diseases by reducing senescent cell burdens and the associated pro-inflammatory environment known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).

GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring copper-binding peptide first identified in human plasma in 1973. It plays a key role in tissue repair, wound healing, skin regeneration, and hair growth. By tightly binding copper ions, GHK-Cu activates several biological processes such as collagen synthesis, angiogenesis, and stem cell proliferation. Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties also support neuroprotection and tissue repair. The natural decline of GHK-Cu with age correlates with reduced tissue regeneration and skin elasticity.

GHRP-2 (Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide-2) is a synthetic growth hormone secretagogue that stimulates the release of growth hormone (GH) by binding to the ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a) in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. It mimics the action of ghrelin, increasing GH secretion while also regulating appetite, metabolism, and sleep cycles. Research shows that GHRP-2 enhances growth, promotes muscle repair, and supports metabolic recovery. It has been investigated for conditions such as GH deficiency, cachexia, and age-related muscle loss. It has also been observed to transiently increase cortisol, prolactin, and ACTH levels.

GHRP-6 (Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide 6) is a synthetic peptide designed to stimulate the secretion of growth hormone (GH) by acting on the ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. It mimics the action of ghrelin, increasing GH release and promoting anabolic processes. GHRP-6 also has appetite-stimulating effects and supports recovery, making it valuable for individuals with GH deficiencies, muscle-wasting conditions, or those seeking performance enhancement.

Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide composed of glycine, cysteine, and glutamic acid. It functions as a critical antioxidant and biochemical regulator, supporting tissue regeneration, immune response, detoxification, and anti-aging processes. Glutathione is abundant in human tissues but declines with age, contributing to increased oxidative stress and reduced cellular function. It is naturally synthesized in the liver and found across various biological systems including plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria.

Hexarelin is a synthetic hexapeptide that functions as a potent growth hormone-releasing peptide (GHRP). It stimulates the pituitary gland to release growth hormone (GH) by binding to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a). Hexarelin is recognized for producing one of the strongest GH pulses in its peptide class. Beyond its GH-releasing capabilities, Hexarelin exhibits cardioprotective effects, making it a promising compound in research related to heart disease, cardiac ischemia, and muscle wasting conditions. However, long-term use can induce desensitization and elevate cortisol and prolactin levels. Hexarelin is the strongest GHRP.

Humanin is a naturally occurring micro-peptide encoded within the mitochondrial genome. It belongs to the mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) family and plays a critical role in protecting cells from apoptosis and oxidative stress. Research indicates Humanin's potential in combating age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular dysfunction, muscular degeneration, and metabolic decline. By the age of 40, endogenous Humanin levels drop by 30% (compared to a 20yo). The half-life is approximately 30 minutes.

IGF-1 LR3 (Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Long R3) is a synthetic peptide and a more potent analog of IGF-1. IGF-1 LR3 promotes muscle growth, fat metabolism, tissue repair, and recovery. It has a prolonged half-life due to the replacement of Arginine for Glutamic Acid at position 3 and an extended N-terminal peptide sequence. These modifications increase its biological activity and resistance to IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), enhancing its anabolic and metabolic effects.

Ipamorelin is a synthetic pentapeptide classified as a selective growth hormone secretagogue (GHS) and ghrelin receptor agonist. Its primary function is to stimulate the pituitary gland to release growth hormone (GH) by mimicking the effects of ghrelin. It functions by inhibiting somatostatin in the hypothalamus. Unlike many other GHSs, Ipamorelin does not activate the stress response, making it a more targeted and potentially safer choice for growth hormone-related therapies. It has been studied for its potential benefits in muscle growth, bone health, and tissue repair, as well as its anti-aging properties.

Kisspeptin-10 is a decapeptide derived from the KISS1 gene, a key regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. It modulates the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus, which stimulates the production of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by the pituitary gland. These hormones, in turn, regulate testosterone and estrogen production, playing a central role in reproductive health. Kisspeptin also influences behaviors linked to reproduction, such as sexual drive and motivation, and has potential applications in fertility, endocrine disorders, and cancer metastasis prevention.

KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) is a tripeptide derived from the C-terminal end of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), a hormone involved in regulating inflammation, immune responses, and skin pigmentation. Unlike α-MSH, KPV retains potent anti-inflammatory effects without causing pigmentation changes. It exerts immunomodulatory properties by influencing inflammatory pathways within cells. Its applications include treating inflammatory conditions, autoimmune disorders, wound healing, and supporting gut health.

Larazotide is a synthetic octapeptide designed to regulate tight junctions in the intestinal epithelium. It acts as a zonulin antagonist, preventing the opening of tight junctions and thereby reducing intestinal permeability. This peptide shows potential for addressing conditions such as Celiac disease, Crohn's disease, and other disorders linked to increased gut permeability. By restoring intestinal barrier function, Larazotide also helps mitigate systemic inflammatory responses and associated symptoms.

Lipo-C is a lipotropic injection blend designed to support fat metabolism, energy production, and liver detoxification. It combines L-Carnitine, Arginine, Methionine, Inositol, Choline, and B vitamins to promote weight loss, preserve lean muscle mass, and enhance metabolic function. Lipo-C is commonly used alongside diet and exercise to accelerate fat breakdown, improve energy levels, and prevent fat accumulation in the liver. It is also beneficial for athletic performance, post-workout recovery, and overall cellular health. Unlike oral fat-burning supplements, Lipo-C injections deliver nutrients directly into the bloodstream, ensuring higher bioavailability and faster results.

Livagen is a synthetic peptide with the sequence Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala. It functions as a bioregulator, interacting with DNA and chromatin to influence gene expression. Studies indicate that Livagen may activate silenced genes in lymphocytes, enhancing protein synthesis and cellular function. Its effects are particularly noted in the immune system, gastrointestinal tract, and liver, suggesting applications in aging-related therapies and immune support.

LL-37 is a cationic antimicrobial peptide derived from the C-terminal of human cathelicidin (hCAP-18). It plays a critical role in innate immunity, exhibiting broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. LL-37 is unique due to its dual functionality as an immune modulator and a direct antimicrobial agent. In addition to its antimicrobial properties, LL-37 regulates immune responses, promotes wound healing, and supports tissue regeneration. Its therapeutic potential extends to treating chronic infections, inflammatory diseases, and some types of cancer.

Mazdutide is a long-acting injectable peptide developed for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. It uniquely combines glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) and glucagon receptor agonist (GRA) properties, making it the first dual agonist of its kind. Mazdutide works by regulating appetite, energy metabolism, and glucose homeostasis. Early-phase clinical trials have shown significant reductions in body weight and improvements in metabolic parameters, suggesting promising therapeutic potential.

Mechano Growth Factor (MGF) is a splice variant of the Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) gene, activated in response to mechanical stress such as muscle damage. It plays a key role in muscle repair, regeneration, and hypertrophy by stimulating muscle stem cells (satellite cells) and increasing protein synthesis. MGF is primarily studied for its applications in muscle growth, tissue repair, and potential neuroprotective effects.

Melanotan peptides are synthetic analogues of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), a naturally occurring hormone involved in skin pigmentation, appetite regulation, and sexual function. Melanotan I (MT-1) and Melanotan II (MT-2) stimulate melanin production, offering UV protection and tanning effects. MT-2 has added central nervous system effects, such as increasing libido and improving mood. These peptides are researched for roles in skin pigmentation, UV protection, sexual arousal, and metabolic regulation. Melanotan I does not cross the blood-brain barrier.

MIF-1 (Melanocyte-Inhibiting Factor) is a tripeptide composed of proline, leucine, and glycine, derived endogenously from the cleavage of oxytocin. It functions as a neuromodulator, impacting dopamine receptor activity and neuropeptide release. MIF-1 is primarily studied for its antidepressant, nootropic, and anti-Parkinsonian effects. Notable for its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier with high efficacy, MIF-1 has demonstrated rapid and lasting effects on mood and cognition in clinical studies.

MK-677, also known as Ibutamoren, is a potent, long-acting, orally-active growth hormone secretagogue. It mimics the action of ghrelin by binding to the ghrelin receptor (GHSR) in the brain, stimulating the release of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). It has been shown to increase muscle mass, improve bone density, enhance sleep quality, and promote fat loss, making it a potential therapeutic agent for age-related decline, growth hormone deficiencies, and muscle-wasting conditions.

MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) that plays a key role in cellular energy regulation, glucose metabolism, and stress adaptation. As a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), MOTS-c acts as a metabolic regulator, enhancing insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fat metabolism while protecting against oxidative stress and age-related decline. Unlike nuclear-encoded peptides, MOTS-c is synthesized inside mitochondria and translocates to the nucleus under metabolic stress, regulating gene expression to restore energy balance and protect against metabolic dysfunction. MOTS-c is being studied for its potential to: Improve insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes Mimic exercise benefits and enhance physical endurance Combat aging-related metabolic dysfunction and cognitive decline Regulate fat metabolism and promote weight loss Support mitochondrial health and reduce oxidative stress This peptide has been described as a "metabolic reprogramming agent" that shifts energy pathways toward fat oxidation, enhanced ATP production, and cellular longevity.

NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a crucial coenzyme present in all living cells. It plays a central role in cellular metabolism, acting as a key component in glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, where it facilitates electron transfer to drive ATP production in mitochondria. NAD+ also serves as a substrate for enzymes like sirtuins (SIRT1–SIRT7) and PARPs, which regulate DNA repair, gene expression, and stress resistance. NAD+ levels decline significantly with age, leading to reduced mitochondrial efficiency and energy production, slower DNA repair, increased mutation risk, increased oxidative stress and inflammation, weakened metabolic regulation and insulin sensitivity, accelerated cognitive decline, and neurodegeneration. Supplementing with NAD+ (especially via injectable or IV methods) has been shown to restore cellular function, enhance energy, and support overall longevity.

Orexin A and Orexin B are neuropeptides synthesized in the hypothalamus, playing critical roles in regulating arousal, wakefulness, and appetite. Orexin A is composed of 33 amino acid residues with two disulfide bonds, while Orexin B consists of 28 amino acid residues and is linear. Both peptides are derived from the precursor protein prepro-orexin and interact with orexin-1 (OX1R) and orexin-2 receptors (OX2R). Orexin A has equal affinity for both receptors, whereas Orexin B shows higher selectivity for OX2R. Orexins belong to the incretin gene family, sharing structural similarities with peptides like glucagon and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). These peptides are essential for maintaining energy homeostasis, sleep-wake cycles, and stress response.

Oxytocin is a cyclic nonapeptide synthesized in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. It acts on oxytocin receptors distributed throughout the brain, uterus, and mammary glands. Clinically, it's used to induce labor and enhance lactation, but emerging evidence supports its application in neuropsychiatric conditions, social cognition deficits, and emotional dysregulation. It influences hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responses, modulates amygdala activity, and interacts with dopaminergic and serotonergic systems.

P21 is a synthetic peptide derivative designed to promote neurogenesis and cognitive enhancement. It is an engineered analog of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), a protein known for stimulating neuronal growth and regeneration. Unlike CNTF, P21 is tailored for greater stability, improved blood-brain barrier permeability, and enhanced neuroprotective effects. Research suggests its potential in mitigating Alzheimer's disease pathology, enhancing learning and memory, and addressing age-related cognitive decline. P21 acts by boosting brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, promoting hippocampal neurogenesis, and inhibiting amyloid plaque and tau protein formation, key markers of neurodegenerative diseases.

PE-22-28 is a synthetic derivative of the naturally occurring peptide spadin, designed to specifically block TREK-1 channels (TWIK-related potassium channels). TREK-1 is implicated in regulating mood, memory, and learning within the brain. Dysregulation of this channel is linked to conditions such as major depressive disorder, neurodegenerative diseases, and cognitive decline. PE-22-28 has shown rapid antidepressant effects and neurogenic activity, with studies demonstrating its ability to induce neurogenesis in as little as four days. Compared to traditional antidepressants, it offers quicker results and fewer side effects.

PEG-MGF (Pegylated Mechano-Growth Factor) is a synthetic peptide derived from Mechano-Growth Factor (MGF), an isoform of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1). PEGylation extends the half-life of MGF, enhancing its stability and effectiveness in therapeutic applications. It is renowned for promoting muscle repair, neuroprotection, cardiac recovery, and tissue regeneration. PEG-MGF is particularly effective in combination with IGF-1 LR3, amplifying muscle cell differentiation and proliferation. Its benefits extend to reducing cholesterol, improving immune response, and combating sarcopenia in aging populations.

PN5 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from the pine needles of Pinus densiflora. It exhibits potent activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, including Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains, without inducing bacterial resistance. Additionally, PN5 demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing proinflammatory cytokines and neutralizing lipopolysaccharides (LPS), a component of Gram-negative bacterial membranes. PN5's unique dual action against bacterial infections and inflammation positions it as a promising candidate for treating conditions such as septic shock and antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.

PNC-27 is a synthetic peptide designed to selectively target and kill cancer cells through membranolysis. It binds to the HDM-2 protein, which inhibits its interaction with the tumor suppressor protein p53, thereby restoring p53's tumor-suppressive functions. This unique mechanism allows PNC-27 to induce cell death in cancer cells while sparing normal, healthy cells. Initially developed through computational modeling by Dr. Matthew Pincus and Dr. Joseph Michl at SUNY Downstate Medical Center, PNC-27 offers promise as a targeted therapeutic for various cancers, including ovarian, pancreatic, and breast cancers.

PT-141 is a synthetic derivative of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) that targets melanocortin receptors, particularly MC4R and MC1R, in the central nervous system. It enhances sexual desire and arousal in both men and women by modulating neuronal signaling pathways linked to sexual function. FDA-approved in 2019 under the brand name Vyleesi™, PT-141 is primarily used to treat hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women. Unlike PDE5 inhibitors, which act on vascular pathways, PT-141 directly stimulates the central nervous system.

Retatrutide is a next-generation tri-agonist peptide that targets three key metabolic receptors: GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) receptor, GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) receptor, and glucagon receptor. By simultaneously activating these receptors, Retatrutide offers a unique approach to managing weight, improving glycemic control, and enhancing overall metabolic health. This multi-receptor activity combines the appetite-suppressing and glucose-lowering effects of GLP-1 agonists with the energy expenditure benefits of glucagon receptor activation, providing comprehensive therapeutic potential for obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Selank is a synthetic heptapeptide derived from tuftsin, an endogenous immunomodulatory peptide. Developed in the 1990s by the Russian Academy of Sciences, Selank offers unique properties as an anxiolytic, nootropic, and immunomodulator. By interacting with neurotransmitters like GABA, serotonin, and dopamine, Selank provides relief from anxiety and stress, enhances memory and learning, and modulates immune responses. Its non-addictive nature and lack of sedative effects make it a promising alternative to traditional anxiolytics like benzodiazepines. Selank also shows antiviral activity and potential benefits in reducing inflammation, promoting recovery from stress, and supporting mental clarity.

Semaglutide is a synthetic peptide analog of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a naturally occurring hormone that regulates glucose metabolism. With a molecular sequence similar to endogenous GLP-1, it activates GLP-1 receptors to lower blood sugar, suppress appetite, and promote weight loss. Semaglutide's extended half-life and resistance to enzymatic degradation make it highly effective for weekly administration. Its therapeutic applications include type 2 diabetes management, chronic weight loss, and cardiovascular risk reduction. Emerging research also suggests potential benefits in neuroprotection, liver health, and Parkinson's disease.

Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide analog of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), specifically derived from its 4-10 fragment. Developed in Russia, Semax is approved for various applications, including ischemic stroke, cognitive disorders, and optic nerve atrophy. It is widely recognized for its neuroprotective, nootropic, and neurorestorative properties. Semax stimulates neurotrophic factors like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), enhancing neurogenesis and neuron survival. It also regulates dopamine, serotonin, and enkephalin signaling, making it a promising candidate for improving cognitive function, mood, and resilience to stress.

Sermorelin is a synthetic peptide analog of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), containing the first 29 amino acids of the naturally occurring hormone. This truncated structure retains the full biological activity of GHRH, making it an effective stimulator of endogenous growth hormone (GH) release. Originally FDA-approved for treating growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in children, its clinical applications have expanded to include adult-onset GH insufficiency, anti-aging, and other areas of research. Sermorelin works by binding to GHRH receptors in the pituitary gland, stimulating a natural, pulsatile release of GH that supports growth, metabolism, and cellular repair.

Setmelanotide is a synthetic peptide designed to target the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), a key regulator of appetite and energy expenditure. It is used as a treatment for genetic obesity disorders caused by deficiencies in the MC4R signaling pathway, such as pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), proprotein subtilisin/kexin type 1 (PCSK1), and leptin receptor (LEPR) deficiencies, as well as Bardet-Biedl Syndrome. By mimicking the effects of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), Setmelanotide activates MC4R, resulting in appetite suppression and increased energy expenditure.

SLU-PP-332 is a synthetic agonist of the estrogen-related receptor (ERR) subtypes ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ. This compound is designed to mimic the physiological benefits of exercise by activating metabolic pathways involved in energy expenditure and fat metabolism. SLU-PP-332 has shown promise in preclinical studies for its ability to enhance mitochondrial function, increase fatty acid oxidation, and improve exercise endurance, making it a potential candidate for managing metabolic disorders, obesity, and age-related conditions.

SS-31 is a mitochondria-targeting peptide composed of four amino acids designed to enhance mitochondrial function, reduce oxidative stress, and support energy production via ATP synthesis. Its unique structure allows it to penetrate cell membranes and selectively accumulate within mitochondria. SS-31 interacts with cardiolipin, a lipid exclusive to the inner mitochondrial membrane, stabilizing mitochondrial structure and function. It has applications in mitigating inflammatory and oxidative stress-related diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, heart disease, diabetes, and kidney disease.

Tesamorelin is a synthetic analogue of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) with an additional trans-3-hexanoic acid moiety that enhances its stability and biological activity. It primarily stimulates the release of endogenous growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland, subsequently increasing levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). It has been FDA-approved for the treatment of HIV-associated lipodystrophy and is being explored for other applications, including improving peripheral nerve health, reducing visceral fat, and enhancing cognitive function in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Tesofensine is a serotonin-noradrenaline-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI) initially developed as a potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. During clinical trials, researchers observed significant weight loss among participants, prompting its redirection as a weight loss agent. Tesofensine acts on neurotransmitters to suppress appetite, increase metabolism, and slightly enhance energy expenditure. By modulating levels of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, it helps individuals reduce caloric intake while maintaining a sense of energy and satiety.

Thymosin Alpha-1 (TA-1) is a synthetic peptide derived from thymosin fraction 5, a thymic hormone. It is a potent immune modulator that enhances T-cell maturation and function, stimulates natural killer (NK) cells, and regulates cytokine production. Widely studied for its ability to improve immune responses, TA-1 has applications in treating viral infections, cancer, chronic inflammatory conditions, and as an adjunct to vaccinations.

TB-500 is a synthetic heptapeptide consisting of the amino acid sequence Leu-Lys-Lys-Thr-Glu-Thr-Gln (LKKTETQ), which represents the active site of the full Thymosin Beta-4 protein. This sequence is primarily responsible for TB-500's regenerative properties and is known for its strong affinity to G-actin, the monomeric form of actin. By interacting with actin, this fragment helps organize the cytoskeleton, enhance cell mobility, and support the repair of damaged tissues. It is also believed to promote angiogenesis and reduce cellular inflammation in injured musculoskeletal structures.

Thymulin is a zinc-dependent nonapeptide secreted by thymic epithelial cells that binds selectively to T-cell receptors and antigen-presenting cells. It is involved in thymopoiesis, T-cell maturation, and the regulation of immune tolerance. Levels decline with age and chronic illness, making it a critical target in the restoration of immune competency. Its therapeutic role extends to autoimmune conditions, chronic infections, and immune senescence.

Tirzepatide is a synthetic 39-amino-acid peptide that functions as a dual agonist for the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptors. This unique dual mechanism enhances glycemic control, promotes weight loss, and provides potential cardiovascular benefits. Tirzepatide mimics the effects of both incretin hormones, stimulating insulin secretion, suppressing glucagon release, and improving lipid and glucose metabolism. Its extended half-life allows for once-weekly subcutaneous administration, making it effective and convenient for managing type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity.

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) is a 28-amino acid neuropeptide with diverse physiological roles, primarily functioning as a neurohormone, vasodilator, and immune regulator. It is part of the secretin/glucagon superfamily and exhibits potent anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and gut-brain axis-modulating properties. VIP is particularly effective in treating conditions associated with chronic inflammation, neurodegeneration, and pulmonary fibrosis, as well as biotoxin-related illnesses such as Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS).

Vilon is a synthetic dipeptide composed of lysine and glutamic acid. It is known for its potent immunomodulatory, anti-aging, and regenerative properties. This peptide is a bioregulator, designed to target and enhance cellular function, particularly in the immune system, and has shown promise in reducing age-related cellular decline.

ACE-031 is a recombinant protein that combines the extracellular domain of the ActRIIB receptor with the Fc portion of human IgG1, allowing it to circulate and bind ligands like myostatin (GDF-8), activin A, BMP-2, and BMP-7. These molecules typically limit muscle development through Smad2/3 signaling cascades. By sequestering these ligands, ACE-031 enables uninhibited muscle cell proliferation and hypertrophy, increasing lean body mass, strength, and potentially enhancing mitochondrial efficiency and bone density. Its long half-life (10–15 days) supports infrequent dosing in experimental models.

Adamax is a chemically engineered nootropic peptide that combines the core neuroactive structure of Semax with two key modifications: an acetyl group that enhances stability and enables better blood-brain barrier penetration, and an adamantyl group that increases lipid solubility and protects against enzymatic degradation. These changes allow Adamax to exert stronger and more sustained cognitive effects than its predecessors, including elevated levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), improved TrkB receptor sensitivity, and support for neurogenesis. Users report increased cognitive energy, reduced apathy, enhanced mood, and significant improvements in attention and memory consolidation.

AICAR (5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide) is a nucleoside analog that activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a critical energy sensor in cells. This mimics the biochemical effects of exercise by promoting energy production and shifting the body to burn fat instead of storing it. In animal models, AICAR has demonstrated improved glucose uptake, enhanced fatty acid oxidation, increased endurance, and reduced inflammation. Notably, it appears most effective in metabolically compromised states, such as obesity or insulin resistance. Beyond metabolic health, AICAR is also being explored for its roles in cardiovascular protection, fertility, and cancer metabolism.

Cortagen is a synthetic short-chain peptide with the sequence Ala–Glu–Asp–Pro (AEDP). It was developed to replicate the regulatory functions of endogenous cortical peptides and belongs to the Cytogen family of tissue-specific bioregulators. Preclinical and clinical studies show that Cortagen exerts neuroprotective and cardioregulatory effects by modulating gene expression, epigenetic architecture, and cellular repair pathways. Its benefits include improved cognitive performance, accelerated peripheral nerve recovery, reduction in neuroinflammation, and reprogramming of cardiac gene expression, particularly following injury or oxidative stress. Cortagen has been observed to improve behavioral performance in animal models, reduce anxiety markers, and support the structural recovery of nerve fibers after mechanical trauma. Its epigenetic actions extend to heart tissue, where it modulates transcripts involved in DNA synthesis, replication fidelity, and signaling.

Crystagen (Glu-Asp-Pro) is a short, synthetic peptide studied for its immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. It is primarily investigated in the context of immune system regulation, where it appears to influence the thymus and spleen, stimulate immune cell activity, and counteract age-related immune deterioration. Research has linked Crystagen to the preservation of thymic architecture, increased macrophage and mast cell presence, and reduced incidence of infections, especially in older individuals and athletes.

Dermorphin is a synthetic heptapeptide (Tyr-D-Ala-Phe-Gly-Tyr-Pro-Ser-NH2) derived from the skin secretion of the Phyllomedusa sauvagii frog. It is known to be approximately 30–40 times more potent than morphine in animal models, and shows strong selectivity for mu-opioid receptors. Structurally, the presence of D-amino acids (notably D-Ala) makes Dermorphin resistant to enzymatic breakdown, leading to a prolonged duration of action compared to natural opioids.

DNSP-11 (Dopamine Neuron Stimulating Peptide-11) is an 11-amino acid peptide sequence believed to be cleaved from the pro-region of glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). It has garnered attention for its ability to modulate dopaminergic signaling, particularly in animal models of Parkinson's disease. Unlike full-length GDNF, DNSP-11 may exert its neurotrophic effects without the same delivery limitations, making it a potentially more practical agent for neuroregenerative therapy. In vivo studies suggest that DNSP-11 enhances dopamine turnover in the brain and triggers ERK1/2 phosphorylation, a known cellular mechanism for promoting neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity.

FTTP (Fat-Targeted Therapeutic Peptide) is a chimeric peptide composed of two functional domains: a homing sequence that binds to prohibitin, a protein overexpressed on the surface of adipose tissue vasculature, and a pro-apoptotic sequence that induces cell death. Upon systemic administration, FTTP selectively binds to the blood vessels supplying white adipose tissue (WAT), leading to vascular disruption, adipocyte apoptosis, and subsequent fat loss. This targeted approach minimizes effects on non-adipose tissues, offering a novel strategy for obesity treatment.

GDF-8 (myostatin) is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily and plays a critical role in regulating skeletal muscle mass. It is produced predominantly in skeletal muscle cells and circulates in the bloodstream, where it acts on muscle tissue to inhibit growth and differentiation. Genetic mutations leading to myostatin deficiency result in significantly increased muscle mass, as observed in certain cattle breeds and rare human cases. Therapeutic inhibition of myostatin is being explored for conditions such as muscular dystrophy, sarcopenia, and cachexia.

Matrixyl, scientifically known as Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4, is a matrikine, an active fragment of extracellular matrix proteins that modulates cellular behavior. It stimulates fibroblasts to produce more collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycans, which are essential components of healthy, youthful skin. The addition of a palmitoyl (fatty acid) chain increases its penetration through the skin's lipid barrier, allowing for more effective delivery to the dermis. Matrixyl was originally developed as a gentler, non-irritating alternative to retinoids and quickly gained popularity for its anti-wrinkle and rejuvenating effects. It is now widely used in both cosmetic and dermatological formulations targeting skin aging and photodamage.

Pancragen is a short synthetic peptide derived from the amino acids glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and proline. As part of the Cytogen peptide family, Pancragen targets the pancreas—especially endocrine tissues—by modulating gene expression and protein synthesis essential for pancreatic repair. It aids in the restoration of β-cell activity and may help normalize insulin release, glucagon balance, and systemic glycemic control. The peptide also shows promise in reducing oxidative and inflammatory stress within the pancreas.

Pinealon is a short synthetic peptide made of three amino acids (glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and arginine) engineered to mimic natural regulatory sequences that affect gene expression in the brain. Classified as a Cytogen bioregulator, Pinealon crosses the blood-brain barrier and exerts neuroprotective effects by regulating apoptosis, neurotransmission, and circadian rhythm-related pathways. It is particularly known for its modulation of melatonin synthesis, neuronal plasticity, and resistance to oxidative stress, making it valuable for aging brains and sleep optimization.

SNAP-8 is a synthetic octapeptide developed as an advanced version of Argireline. It works by mimicking a portion of the SNAP-25 protein, a key component of the SNARE complex involved in muscle contractions. By interfering with this complex, SNAP-8 reduces the release of neurotransmitters that cause facial muscles to contract, helping the skin appear smoother and more relaxed. It is primarily used in topical formulations aimed at targeting expression lines.

Testagen is a synthetic peptide composed of lysine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and glycine. It mimics naturally occurring regulatory sequences involved in pituitary hormone release. Classified as a Cytogen bioregulator, it is capable of crossing cell membranes and interacting with nuclear DNA to modulate gene expression epigenetically. Research suggests Testagen stimulates hormone production in the thyroid and gonadal axes while also providing immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects.

Triptorelin is a decapeptide analog of natural gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). It is used to regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis by initially stimulating, then suppressing, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. With ongoing administration, the pituitary becomes desensitized to GnRH signals, resulting in reduced sex hormone output from the gonads. This makes Triptorelin particularly useful in clinical settings that require suppression of endogenous testosterone or estrogen.

Vesugen is a short bioregulatory peptide composed of lysine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid (KED). It is classified as a cytogen—a class of peptides designed to modulate gene expression in specific tissues. Vesugen primarily targets vascular endothelium and neuronal tissue, promoting cellular regeneration and homeostasis. It has been studied for its potential to reverse age-associated declines in vascular elasticity, neuroplasticity, and mitochondrial function. Research has shown promising applications in managing hypertension, ischemic conditions, and cognitive impairment.

Apelin-12 is one of the bioactive fragments of the apelin peptide family, acting as a high-affinity ligand for the APJ (APLNR) receptor. It is expressed in endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, adipose tissue, and the hypothalamus. Apelin-12 modulates cardiovascular tone, glucose uptake, mitochondrial health, and angiogenesis. It also plays a regulatory role in inflammation, oxidative stress, and energy balance, making it a promising target in aging and cardiometabolic disorders.

BAM-15 is a synthetic small molecule that acts as a protonophore, disrupting the mitochondrial proton gradient to promote uncoupled respiration. Unlike earlier uncouplers like DNP, BAM-15 selectively increases mitochondrial inefficiency without generating excess heat or causing significant toxicity at therapeutic doses. Preclinical studies suggest it may be effective for reducing adiposity, improving insulin sensitivity, and protecting organs against metabolic damage and oxidative stress.

Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4) is a 43-amino acid peptide originally isolated from thymic tissue. It is involved in cellular migration, tissue regeneration, and immune regulation across multiple organ systems. Tβ4 is known for its actin-binding properties, enabling cytoskeletal remodeling critical for wound healing and tissue repair. It also exerts antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-fibrotic effects through interaction with a range of signaling pathways. To refine its therapeutic applications, researchers have broken the full-length peptide into biologically active subsections: - **Tβ4(1--4):** Acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro (Ac-SDKP) -- a tetrapeptide with potent anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory actions, especially relevant to cardiac, renal, and pulmonary fibrosis. - **Tβ4(1--15):** A longer N-terminal fragment preserving antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. It stabilizes cellular membranes, enhances redox balance, and supports stem cell viability. - **Tβ4(40--43):** Ala-Gly-Glu-Ser (AGES) -- a C-terminal tetrapeptide that targets the myocardium. It mitigates cardiac fibrosis, supports epicardial progenitor cell activation, and improves cardiac remodeling. These fragments enable more targeted interventions with reduced systemic exposure compared to full-length Tβ4.

Bonomarlot is part of the Cytomax family of tissue-specific peptide bioregulators. It contains short-chain peptides isolated from bone marrow tissue, which play a key role in stimulating hematopoiesis, which is the process by which the body produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. As the hematopoietic system can become impaired due to aging, illness, or medical treatments like chemotherapy, Bonomarlot helps restore natural regulatory signals needed for optimal function. By supporting healthy blood cell formation, Bonomarlot not only improves immune response and oxygen delivery, but also contributes to tissue regeneration and systemic resilience. It is often considered in protocols for immune support, recovery from fatigue or chronic illness, and healthy aging.

Bonothyrk contains peptide fractions derived from the parathyroid glands of healthy young animals. These short peptides are homologous to those found in the human parathyroid gland, which plays a central role in the endocrine regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism. The parathyroid gland releases parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates serum calcium levels via actions on bone, kidneys, and the gastrointestinal tract. Bonothyrk's peptide complex supports the homeostatic balance of this system by restoring normal peptide-protein signaling within parathyroid tissue, which may decline due to age or disease. Bonothyrk is often used in preventive or supportive protocols for conditions such as osteoporosis, muscle cramps, chronic hypocalcemia, or disturbances following thyroid or parathyroid surgery.

Bronchogen is a synthetic peptide composed of alanine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and leucine. It belongs to the Khavinson family of short peptides, which exhibit tissue-specific regulatory functions. Bronchogen interacts with DNA and histone proteins, influencing chromatin structure and gene expression relevant to inflammation, surfactant production, and epithelial repair. Studies in animal models have demonstrated its capacity to restore bronchial architecture, reduce inflammatory infiltration, and enhance respiratory resilience.

Cartalax (AED) is a synthetic peptide composed of alanine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid. It belongs to the Khavinson class of tissue-specific bioregulators and is designed to act directly on the molecular machinery of connective tissue cells. Cartalax primarily targets fibroblasts and chondrocytes—the key cell types responsible for maintaining cartilage structure and integrity. Through epigenetic modulation, it influences cell survival, proliferation, inflammation resolution, and extracellular matrix remodeling, offering broad support for joint and skeletal health.

Cerluten (Peptide Complex A-5) belongs to the Khavinson class of cytomedins—short peptides with high tissue specificity. It primarily targets neurons and astroglial cells within the cerebral cortex, where it supports protein synthesis, promotes anti-apoptotic signaling, and regulates inflammatory cascades. Its neuroprotective effects make it relevant for conditions like Alzheimer's, post-stroke recovery, and general cognitive aging.

Chelohart (Peptide Complex A-14) is a natural peptide bioregulator derived from cardiac muscle tissue and belongs to the geroprotector category of therapeutics with extended systemic benefits. It is formulated to support the structure and function of myocardial tissue by modulating gene expression, normalizing cardiac metabolism, and restoring protein synthesis within cardiomyocytes. As with other cytomax peptides, Chelohart mimics the regulatory role of naturally occurring peptide bioregulators that decline with age or chronic disease. The heart is a continuously active organ, responsible for maintaining circulation, delivering oxygen and nutrients, and removing metabolic waste from every tissue in the body. Given that cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death globally, Chelohart was developed to address age-related and pathological deficiencies in myocardial peptide signaling. It is potentially beneficial for individuals managing myocarditis, coronary artery disease, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, heart failure, or those recovering from myocardial infarction. It may also benefit athletes or physically active individuals who place sustained demand on their cardiac systems. Chelohart's key actions include restoring cellular homeostasis in heart muscle cells, inhibiting degenerative changes in the myocardium, and preserving the contractile capacity of the heart, which is particularly important in older adults.

Chitomur (Peptide Complex A-12) is a tissue-specific peptide supplement derived from urinary bladder tissue, classified among the Cytomax family of geroprotective bioregulators. It works by reactivating gene expression patterns and cellular repair mechanisms that are often downregulated in aging or degenerative bladder conditions. Chitomur targets bladder wall epithelium and detrusor muscle cells, supporting the structural and functional restoration of urinary control mechanisms. Urinary dysfunctions such as incontinence, frequent urination, and incomplete bladder emptying are common in older adults, particularly in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and postmenopausal women. Chitomur is also used to support recovery from pelvic surgeries and bladder trauma, where re-establishing urothelial integrity and detrusor tone is critical. It may also assist with chronic cystitis, pelvic floor weakness, or urinary disorders linked to menopause or prostate-related pathologies.

Chonluten (Peptide Complex AC-7) is a short-chain synthetic tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Gly) developed to target the lung epithelium and bronchial mucosa. It is classified among the Khavinson family of tissue-specific bioregulators and functions by restoring impaired gene expression and protein synthesis in respiratory tract tissues. These mechanisms are potentially relevant for individuals with chronic inflammatory respiratory conditions (e.g., asthma, COPD), post-infectious damage (e.g., COVID-19 sequelae), or environmental exposure (e.g., pollution, smoking). This peptide plays a key role in stabilizing the bronchial lining, improving mucosal barrier integrity, and promoting regeneration of alveolar structures. It is also thought to normalize cytokine signaling and protect lung parenchyma from oxidative stress. Chonluten may benefit individuals who suffer from respiratory fatigue, shortness of breath, or inflammation-driven airway remodeling.

Endoluten is a peptide complex extracted from the pineal gland, specifically formulated to restore and maintain the functional activity of the neuroendocrine system. It belongs to the Cytomax class of natural peptide bioregulators, which are known for their tissue-specific regulatory functions. Research indicates that Endoluten exerts its effects by normalizing the metabolism of pineal cells, enhancing melatonin production, and regulating the body's biological rhythms. Its influence extends to various physiological systems, including the endocrine, immune, and cardiovascular systems, contributing to improved homeostasis and resilience against age-related changes. Long-term studies have shown that the use of pineal peptides like Endoluten has the potential to lead to a significant decrease in mortality rates among elderly populations, highlighting its potential as a geroprotective agent.

Glandokort belongs to the Cytomax class of natural peptide bioregulators and is extracted from the adrenal glands of young, healthy animals. It provides a targeted method for restoring adrenal function by delivering short-chain peptides that selectively act on adrenal cortex cells. With aging or prolonged stress, adrenal hormone production can become dysregulated, resulting in either insufficiency or maladaptive overactivation of the stress response. Glandokort works to normalize gene expression in adrenal tissue, improving the synthesis and regulation of steroid hormones while promoting cellular repair and regeneration. Its mechanisms are relevant not only in stress adaptation but also in overall endocrine stability.

Gotratix contains Peptide Complex A-18, extracted from the triceps muscle of young animals. This complex has a selective effect on muscle cells, regulating their metabolism and increasing their functional activity. Clinical studies have demonstrated Gotratix's efficacy in enhancing the reserve capacity of muscle tissue and decreasing muscle fatigue during intense physical exertion, including sports and professional activities associated with increased physical exertion.

L-Carnitine is a small molecule synthesized from lysine and methionine, essential for mitochondrial β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids. It acts as a cofactor for carnitine acyltransferases, facilitating fatty acid entry into mitochondria. Beyond its metabolic role, L-Carnitine modulates redox balance, protects against mitochondrial dysfunction, and has applications in metabolic syndrome, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, and sarcopenia.

Libidon is a peptide bioregulator extracted from bovine prostate tissue, designed to restore and maintain optimal functional activity of the prostate gland. As part of the Cytomax family, Libidon operates on the principle of tissue-specific peptide signaling, restoring gene expression patterns and metabolic function in target organs. This makes it particularly effective in managing symptoms related to hormonal decline, prostate dysfunction, and inflammation in the male reproductive system.

Normoftal is a dipeptide composed of lysine and glutamic acid, part of a class of synthetic bioregulators designed to restore homeostasis in specific tissues. This peptide targets retinal cells, where it promotes chromatin remodeling and protein synthesis to enhance cellular resilience. It is used to support visual function and slow progression in conditions like glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration. Its mechanism includes epigenetic modulation, neuroprotection, and antioxidative signaling, making it useful for degenerative retinal conditions.

Ovagen is a synthetic peptide composed of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and leucine. As part of the Cytogen bioregulator series, it specifically targets hepatocytes and gastrointestinal epithelium. Ovagen enhances protein synthesis, promotes chromatin remodeling, and suppresses fibrogenic pathways. It is used in the management of liver fibrosis, GI mucosal injury, and as adjunct support during exposure to hepatotoxic substances. The peptide also exhibits potential antiviral properties and broad immunomodulatory effects.

Pielotax is a short peptide fragment based on sequences derived from renal cortex tissues, typically formulated as a tripeptide complex. It selectively targets renal tubular epithelial cells and mesangial cells, promoting chromatin remodeling and gene reactivation involved in electrolyte transport, inflammation resolution, and structural integrity. It has clinical applications in chronic nephropathy, post-toxic renal damage, and age-related renal decline.

Prostamax is a tissue-specific peptide complex extracted from male gonadal tissue, composed of short peptide fragments that selectively influence gene expression in prostatic epithelial and stromal cells. It promotes structural normalization, reduces immune cell infiltration, and supports endocrine feedback loops involving testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Its regenerative influence has shown promise in BPH, chronic prostatitis, and age-related prostate decline.

Retinalamin is a tissue-specific peptide complex extracted from the retina and formulated to support regeneration of retinal neurons and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). It is composed of short regulatory peptides that selectively act on damaged or aging visual cells. Retinalamin enhances local microcirculation, stabilizes the structure of photoreceptors, and promotes protein synthesis in the retinal layers. Clinical studies suggest its effectiveness in chronic inflammatory and ischemic eye diseases including macular dystrophy, retinitis pigmentosa, and optic nerve atrophy.

Sigumir is a cartilage-targeted bioregulatory peptide composed of short sequences derived from natural extracellular matrix proteins. It supports regeneration of articular cartilage, tendons, and ligaments by reactivating structural gene expression and modulating immune signaling in joint tissues. It has shown promise in clinical contexts such as osteoarthritis, joint surgery recovery, and systemic connective tissue disorders.

Stamakort is a gastric-specific peptide bioregulator formulated from peptide fractions of the stomach wall. These peptides selectively modulate gene expression in gastric epithelial cells and fibroblasts, supporting regeneration of the mucosal barrier and local immune tolerance. It is clinically indicated for erosive gastritis, gastric ulcers, and age-related atrophy of the digestive mucosa.

Suprefort is a pancreatic-specific peptide complex composed of short regulatory peptides that influence gene expression in the islets of Langerhans, particularly beta cells. It enhances the regeneration of insulin-producing cells, supports enzymatic function, and attenuates inflammatory processes within the pancreas. Its applications include metabolic syndrome, early-stage type 2 diabetes, and general endocrine pancreatic dysfunction.

Svetinorm is a short-chain peptide complex derived from healthy porcine liver tissue. It selectively targets hepatocytes and hepatic progenitor cells, promoting genomic stability and optimizing enzyme systems involved in detoxification, lipid metabolism, and antioxidative defense. This peptide plays a key role in conditions involving liver inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic disruption, such as NAFLD, hepatitis, and chemical toxicity.

Taxorest is a tissue-specific peptide complex derived from the bronchial mucosa. It targets respiratory epithelial and immune-regulatory cells, modulating transcriptional programs involved in mucosal barrier integrity, cytokine balance, and oxidative stress response. It is used in contexts ranging from age-related pulmonary decline to recovery from environmental toxin exposure or infection. Its benefits are linked to its ability to restore cell-type specific gene expression without the need for pharmacologic suppression or stimulation.

Testoluten is a tissue-specific peptide complex extracted from male gonadal tissue. It supports the transcriptional programs essential for testosterone synthesis, sperm maturation, and testicular regeneration. Through epigenetic and transcriptional control mechanisms, Testoluten aids in the normalization of age- or stress-dampened testicular function. Its clinical applications include andropause, subfertility, post-steroid recovery, and testicular atrophy.

Thymagen is a low molecular weight peptide complex extracted from thymic tissue, distinct from but complementary to Thymalin. It acts directly on hematopoietic stem cells and immune precursors, enhancing their differentiation into functional T cells. It also exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects via molecular signaling cascades. Thymagen is clinically used to restore immune competence in conditions involving chronic infection, inflammation, or senescent immune decline.

Thymalin is a biologically active peptide complex isolated from calf thymus. It acts on the thymic-hematopoietic axis, enhancing the proliferation and differentiation of immune progenitors into functionally competent T cells. Beyond immunomodulation, Thymalin exerts anti-senescent effects by regulating gene expression, chromatin architecture, and redox homeostasis. It has applications in immunodeficiency, chronic inflammatory diseases, and aging-related immune decline.

Thyreogen is a tissue-specific peptide bioregulator extracted from the thyroid gland. It supports the gene networks responsible for the synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3, T4), and the maintenance of thyroid epithelial cell function. It has been shown to modulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, improve oxidative stress responses, and restore the metabolic and regenerative capabilities of the thyroid gland. Clinical uses include hypothyroidism, subclinical thyroid dysfunction, radiation damage, and thyroid aging.

Ventfort is a vascular tissue-specific peptide bioregulator that promotes endothelial integrity, arterial elasticity, and angiogenesis. It acts by enhancing the transcription of genes involved in vascular remodeling, nitric oxide synthesis, and extracellular matrix regulation. Clinically, Ventfort is used to restore microcirculatory health in cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and age-associated vascular degeneration. It also supports oxygen and nutrient delivery to tissues via improved blood flow.

Vesilut is a peptide bioregulator extracted from urinary bladder tissue. It targets the urothelium and detrusor muscle layer, where it modulates inflammatory responses, promotes epithelial repair, and supports neuromuscular signaling required for bladder contractility and continence. Vesilut has demonstrated benefits in conditions like chronic cystitis, interstitial cystitis, neurogenic bladder, and age-associated urogenital dysfunction.

Visoluten is an ocular-specific peptide bioregulator targeting the genetic and structural repair of retinal and optic tissues. It has shown benefits in protecting photoreceptors, enhancing blood supply to the retina, and modulating the immune response in eye tissue. Its regenerative effects make it useful in early-stage macular degeneration, glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, and visual stress from aging or screen exposure.

Vladonix is a short-chain peptide extracted from thymic tissue that selectively supports T-cell maturation, differentiation, and function. It helps restore the immune surveillance system, balances pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, and supports hematopoietic stem cell signaling. Vladonix is used in cases of immunosenescence, recurrent infections, chronic inflammation, and autoimmune imbalances.

Zhenoluten is a short peptide complex extracted from ovarian tissue, designed to support follicular cell signaling, steroidogenic gene expression, and ovarian microvascular stability. It enhances the physiological regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis, particularly in cases of premature ovarian failure, perimenopause, or menstrual irregularities. Its benefits extend to ovarian tissue regeneration and modulation of estrogen-progesterone balance.